What You Can Do About Ransomware

Late last week, there was a huge ransomware attack called WannaCry that affected over 200,000 Windows PCs in 150 countries and is still going. The attack has hit businesses, universities, and hospitals so far. Nonprofit, church, library, and foundation offices are vulnerable to this malware, which can lock up your IT system until a ransom is paid. We thought we'd explain a bit how you can protect your office.

What Is Ransomware?

Ransomware is malware that comes into an IT network mainly when computer users open an unknown email attachment or click on a web link. The malware then locks up and encrypts the files in the IT system and holds them for ransom until a payment is made, usually demanded in Bitcoin. Ransomware became famous as a tool of cybercrime in 2013 with the infamous Cryptolocker attacks. The malware technique has actually been around since 1989, however.

WannaCry Ransomware

The WannaCry malware is the latest ransomware attack in a succession of them. This virus is also known as WannaCrypt, Wana Decryptor, or WCry. This particular type of ransomware exploits a vulnerability in the Microsoft Server file system. Apple products and systems based on the Linux/Unix operating systems are not at risk, unless running Windows System Emulator. Infected users are presented with a screen demanding a $300 to $600 payment to restore their files.

While the attack has hit more than 200,000 computers, only around 200 people are estimated to have paid the $300 ransom. In the U.S., Homeland Security says that the list of victims is very small. It is still relatively early in the WannaCry attack, however. The victims range widely, from small companies and organizations to large IT networks like the automaker Renault in Europe. Small offices, like those in nonprofits, are at risk in this cyberattack.

How to Protect Your IT System

Taking these steps will help keep you safe from ransomware attacks.

1. Take Advantage of These Microsoft Resources

• Windows Defender is the free antivirus tool on Windows 10.
• Microsoft Safety Scanner is a free downloadable security tool for all Windows versions that provides on-demand scanning and helps remove viruses, spyware, and other malicious software. It works with your existing antivirus software.
• Microsoft Safety and Security Center has a free Security Risk Assessment that will provide recommendations for protecting your network and IT infrastructure.
• Microsoft customers who believe they are affected can contact Microsoft Customer Service and Support.

2. Back Up Your Critical Data and Documents

If and when your organization is hit with a cyberattack, it is essential to have your mission-critical data and documents stored in the cloud or on a hard drive that is not connected to your IT system. After an attack, your computers or servers may require reimaging.

TechSoup offers cloud storage services like the Box donation program. Also, the Veritas donation program at TechSoup provides backup and restore software to eligible nonprofit organizations and public libraries.

3. Update All Your Windows Software and Enable Automatic Updates

Since WannaCry malware attacks Windows operating systems, a critically important thing to do is to run Windows Update on all Windows devices and also Windows Server software and enable automatic updates on all Windows devices. Microsoft's Security Bulletin MS17-010 from March of this year provides details on all the Windows software versions that can be patched by running Windows Update. Since the attack, Microsoft has issued patches for previously unsupported versions including Windows XP, Windows 8, and Windows Server 2003. You can download these security patches manually from Microsoft's Update Catalog. (Link might not work in all browsers.)

If your organization is running old versions of Windows like XP or Server 2003, or if you’re running nonlegal (pirated) versions of Microsoft Windows or Windows Server, you may well have trouble running Windows Update. Check your TechSoup eligibility to see if your organization qualifies for Microsoft software donations.

4. Use Antivirus Software and Keep It Up to Date

Antivirus and malware protection software has become TechSoup's most requested type of product donation over the last couple of years. This type of protection is designed to catch cyberattacks before they infect your IT system.

Popular product donations include

• Norton Small Business from Symantec
• Symantec Endpoint Protection Small Business Edition
• Comodo Endpoint Security Manager
• Comodo Antispam Gateway
• Mailshell Anti-Spam Desktop
• Bitdefender Internet Security

Find all of TechSoup's security product donations here.

5. Be Really Careful with Email

Email is one of the main infection methods of all malware and specifically of WannaCry ransomware. Be wary of unexpected emails especially if they contain links or attachments. If you find a suspicious link, before you click on it, you can go to the free virustotal.com service. It will tell you whether or not it has been reported as a dangerous link.

Also, be extremely wary of any Microsoft Office email attachment that advises you to enable macros to view its content. Unless you are absolutely sure that this is a genuine email from a trusted source, do not enable macros and instead immediately delete the email.

6. Enable the File Extensions Option in Windows Settings

There are particular file types that pose the greatest security risk to all users. It is helpful to see what kinds of files you're trying to open. File extensions like .exe, .vbs, and .scr are the dangerous ones. To be able to see file extensions, enable them in Windows Settings. I like the Laptop.com directions on how to do this in Windows 10.

7. If You Do Get Hit with Ransomware …

If you do get infected, shut down your PC and disconnect it from the Internet and your network. This of course limits the spread of the infection. Also, cybersecurity experts say that paying the ransom should be a last resort. Avoid doing that if you can. The alternative of rebuilding infected machines is not great either, but it does discourage cyberblackmailers from coming back.

The sad news in all of this is that new WannaCry ransomware variants are expected to appear going forward for some time. And new malware of other types will also come calling to attack our IT systems. This will be the case no matter how small our offices are. The good news is that the seven points we've listed above will give you greater protection for your IT system against future online threats. At TechSoup, we want ya'll to stay safe out there.

Image: portal gda / CC BY-NC-SA

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